Me pēhea te tiaki i ngā kara wiri kore-aukume i muri i te whakamahinga

Mō tengā kara wiri kore-aukume(NMDC) e whakamahia ana i roto i te keri ahunga, he mea nui te tiaki i muri i te whakamahinga kia mau ai te mahi, kia roa ake ai te ora o te ratonga, kia āraihia ai te pokanoa aukume, te kino rānei o te hanganga i puta mai i te whakahaere hē, ka raru pea te tika o te ine i raro i te poka. Kei raro nei ngā mahi tiaki me ngā whakatūpato taipitopito:

1. Te Horoi i Muri i te Whakamahinga

• Te tango i te paru me ngā putunga:
  • Horoia tonutia ngā mata o roto, o waho hoki o te kara wiri ki te wai pēhanga teitei, ki ngā taputapu horoi motuhake rānei hei tango tino pai i te wai keri, i ngā tapahi, i te hinu me ētahi atu toenga, hei ārai i te waikura, i te unahi rānei.
  • Whakamahia ngā hopi horoi kūpapa (kaua e whakamahi i ngā whakarewa waikawa, kawakore rānei) hei ārai i te waikura o te mata.
• Te whakamaroke:
  • I muri i te horoinga, whakamahia he hau pēhi, he kakahu maroke rānei kia tino maroke ai, inā koa i ngā wāhi hononga miro, hei ārai i te pupuri waikura i te makuku.

2. Tirotiro Whānui

• Tirotiro Tirohanga:
  • Tirohia mēnā he rakuraku, he piko, he kapiti, he hapa rānei i te mata o te kara, me te arotahi ki ngā hononga miro me ngā rohe kukū ahotea (hei tauira, ngā wāhi whakawhiti).
  • Whakamahia ngā taputapu whakanui, ngā tikanga rānei kāore e hototahi ki te aukume (hei tauira, te whakamātautau werohanga tae) hei kite i ngā kapiti moroiti.
• Tirotiro Miro:
  • Tirohia ngā miro o roto, o waho hoki mō te pakaru, te rerekētanga, te waikura rānei. Whakamahia ngā ine miro hei manatoko i te tika mēnā e tika ana.
  • Horoia ngā miro ka pania he hinu ārai-waikura kore-whakarewa.
• Whakamātautau Āheinga Aukume:
  • Whakamahia he mita gauss (mita Tesla) hei ine i te kaha o te papa aukume puta noa i te kara, kia mōhio ai kei te tutuki te urunga o te wai i ngā paerewa (te tikanga ≤1.05 μ).
  • Mena ka kitea he aukumetanga ā-rohe (nā te ahotea, nā te poke rānei o te konganuku), me tango te aukumetanga (hei tauira, te whakamahana, te tango aukumetanga motuhake rānei).

3. Te tango i te aukume (Mēnā e hiahiatia ana)

• Te whakamahana:
  • Whakamahanahia i roto i te oumu hau-whakahaeretia ki te pāmahana whakamahana o te rauemi (hei tauira, 600–800°C mō ngā koranu Monel) hei whakakore i te ahotea toenga me te aukumetanga.
  • Kia tino whai i ngā tawhā a te kaihanga kia kore ai e wera rawa, ka pāngia pea e te waikura ā-pūmua, e te pirau ā-pūkaha rānei.
• Te Whakakorenga-ā-Rohe:
  • Whakamahia ngā taputapu tango aukume hiko hei arotahi ki ngā wāhi aukume me te whakaora i ngā āhuatanga kore-aukume.

4. Te Ārai i te Waikura me te Whakahinuhinu

• Paninga Ārai-Waikura:
  • Whakatikahia ngā pakaru iti o te mata mā te peita tāpiri, mā te paninga epoxy rānei hei ārai i te horapa o te waikura.
• Te Tiaki Miro:
  • Tāpirihia he hinu whakahinuhinu kore-whakarewa (hei tauira, te hinu i ahu mai i te molybdenum disulfide) ki ngā miro hei ārai i te pakaru me te waikura.
  • Tāutahia ngā ārai miro (hei tauira, ngā taupoki kirihou) i te wā e rongoatia ana, e kawetia ana rānei.

5. Whakahaere Rokiroki

• Ngā Whakaritenga Taiao:
  • Penapena ki roto i te wāhi maroke o roto, e whai hauhautanga ana, me te haumākū kei raro iho i te 60% me te pāmahana pumau.
  • Puritia kia matara atu i ngā pūtake aukume kaha (hei tauira, ngā motuka, ngā whakawhiti hiko).
• Te tūnga:
  • Whakatakotoria whakapae ki runga i ngā whata motuhake kia kore ai e piko; kaua e whakarārangi poutū, kaua hoki e puranga tika.
  • Tirohia ngā āhuatanga rokiroki i ia toru marama mō te waikura, te rerekētanga rānei.

6. Te Tiakitanga o te Kawe

• Te Whakapūmau me te Whakamarumaru:
  • Whakamahia ngā taputapu motuhake kei roto ngā papa rapa, ngā poraka rakau rānei hei ārai i ngā tukinga i te wā e kawe ana.
• Parenga Aukume:
  • Whakamarumaruhia ngā kara ki ngā rauemi ārai-aukume mēnā ka haria tata ki ngā pūtake aukume.

7. Whakamātautau Ngaio Ā-Wā

• Whakamātautau Auau:
  • Whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga ā-tau e rua, ā-tau rānei, tae atu ki:
    • Whakamātautau uruhanga (e ai ki te ASTM A342).
    • Whakamātautau ultrasonic (UT) me te whakamātautau radiographic (RT) rānei mō ngā hapa o roto.
    • Te tātaritanga hanganga rauemi (hei tauira, te ine irahiko) hei whakaū i te pono kore-aukume.
• Ngā tuhinga:
  • Puritia ngā tuhinga o ngā hua whakamātautau me ngā mahi tiaki hei aroturuki i te huringa ora.

8. Whakangungu Kaiwhakahaere

• Whakangunguhia ngā kaimahi i ia wā, i ia wā mō:
  • Ngā pānga o te aukati i ngā taputapu rino kiNMDCs.
  • Te karo i te whakahaere/te rokiroki tata ki ngā papa aukume kaha.
  • Te whakamahi i ngā kī taipana hei whakau i ngā miro e ai ki ngā whakaritenga.

Ngā Whakatūpato Matua

• Ārai i te WhakarewaKāore e taea te whakarewa i ngā NMDC; me mahi ngā whakatikatika e ngā kaihanga whaimana.
• Hototahitanga RauemiMe whakarite kia hototahi ngā kai horoi, ngā hinu whakahinuhinu, me ētahi atu, ki te rauemi kara (hei tauira, he tairongo ngā koranu Monel ki te haukini; karohia ngā matū kei roto he haukini).

Ka whakaitihia e te tiaki pūnahaNMDCngā reiti rahunga, kia tika ai te keri ahunga me te haumaru mahi. Whakakapia, whakahokia rānei ngā kara kua pakaru kino, kua aukumetia rānei ki te kaihanga i te wā tonu.

PS:

Whenua Whenuaka taea te whakarato i te whānuitanga katoa o ngā kara wiri maeneene me te porowhita i NMDC me te P530, P550, P650 me ngā rauemi rite. Whakapā mai ki a mātou mō ētahi atu kōrero.