He maha ngā āhuatanga e pāngia ana e te whiriwhiri rauemi mō ngā taputapu keri poka. Mai i te tirohanga o ngā momo taputapu keri poka:
Ngā taputapu keri, ngā taputapu takiuru, mengā taputapu mahi anōHe poto te roa o te ora o ēnei taputapu, nō reira e hiahiatia ana he kaha nui engari he iti te ātete ki te waikura.
Ngā taputapu whakaoti: Me mahi ēnei i roto i te poka mō ngā tau maha, nō reira me whai whakaaro ki te pāmahana me te ātete ki te waikura.
Mai i te tirohanga o ngā taiao o raro i te poka, e whā ngā wāhanga e whakarōpūtia ana:
Taiao paerewa (karekau he hauwai whanariki (H₂S), me te ihirangi waro hauhā (CO₂) iti iho i te 1 psi [tata ki te 0.0069 MPa]); Taiao waikura H₂S; Taiao waikura CO₂; Taiao waikura whakakotahi o te H₂S me te CO₂.
Kōwhiringa Rauemi mō ngā Utauta Tārai i roto i ngā Taiao Paerewa
Mō ngā taputapu keri poka e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taiao paerewa, ko ngā maitai koranu pēnei i te 4130, 4140, me te 4145 (ngā tohu AISI) ka tīpakohia i te nuinga o te wā. Ko ngā hanganga matū me ngā kaha ā-pūkaha o ēnei rauemi e whakaaturia ana i roto i ngā ripanga e whai ake nei:
1. Te Whakataurite i ngā Hanganga Matū (Haupapa Papatipu)
| Huānga | 4130 (AISI) | 4140 (AISI) | 4145 (AISI 4145H) |
| Waro (C) | 0.28-0.33% | 0.33-0.48% | 0.43-0.48% |
| Manganēhi (Mn) | 0.40-0.60% | 0.75-1.00% | 0.75-1.00% |
| Konukōmiuma (Kr) | 0.80-1.10% | 0.80-1.10% | 0.80-1.10% |
| Molibdenuma (Mo) | 0.15-0.25% | 0.15-0.25% | 0.15-0.25% |
| Hiraka (Si) | 0.15-0.35% | 0.15-0.35% | 0.15-0.35% |
| Whānariki (S)/Pōhākawa (P) | ≤0.040% (S), ≤0.035% (P) | ≤0.030% (S), ≤0.030% (P) | ≤0.030% (S), ≤0.030% (P) |
2. Te Whakataurite i ngā Kaha Mīhini
| Āhuatanga Mīhini | 4130 | 4140 | 4145 (Tohu H, Uara Noa) |
| Kaha Kume | 760-871 MPa | 795-1000 MPa | 950-1100 MPa |
| Te Kaha o te Hua | ≥635 MPa | ≥610-750 MPa | ≥750 MPa |
| Te whakaroa | ≥17% | ≥22% | ≥10% |
| Te pakeketanga (HRC) | 28-32 (whai muri i te tinei me te whakamahana) | 28-34 (whai muri i te tinei me te whakamahana) | 32-36 (whai muri i te tinei me te whakamahana) |
E kitea ana i ngā ripanga:
Ka piki haere te nui o te waro i roto i ēnei rauemi i roto i te raupapa (4130 < 4140 < 4145), engari he rite tonu te nui o ngā mea o ētahi atu huānga.
Ngā āhuatanga hangarau: He hononga pai te kaha ki te nui o te waro—ko te 4145 te kaha teitei rawa atu—ko te pakari ia ka heke whakamuri, ko te 4130 te mea tino pakari.
He momo rauemi o te ao te 4130, 4140, me te 4145, ā, ko ō rātou momo rite i Haina koia ēnei:
- 4130 (AISI) ≡ Taumata ā-rohe 30CrMoA;
- 4140 (AISI) ≡ Tau ā-rohe 42CrMo;
- 4145H (AISI) ≡ Tau ā-whare 45CrMo.
He pai ngā 4130 me te 4140 mō ngā taputapu whakaoti tikanga, me te aro nui ki te whai huatanga o te utu me te ngāwari ki te whakarewa.
E whakamahia ana te 4145H i roto i ngā taputapu poka hohonu, pēhanga teitei, utaina nui rānei (pērā i ngā taputapu keri me ngā taputapu mahi-whakamuri), me te aro nui ki te kaha me te ātete ki te pakaru.
Te Kōwhiringa Rauemi mō ngā Utauta Whakaoti i roto i ngā Taiao Waikura
Mō ngā taputapu whakaoti i roto i ngā taiao waikura, ko te kōwhiringa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pēhanga wāhanga o ngā hau waikawa (e rua ngā momo: CO₂ me H₂S).
1. Ngā Puna me te Ihirangi CO₂ Nui
Hei ārai i te waikura CO₂, me whakanui ake te nui o te chromium (Cr) i roto i ngā rauemi. Ko ngā rauemi e whai ake nei (kua whakarōpūtia e te nui o te Cr) ka taea te kapi i ngā puna me te pēhanga wāhanga CO₂ mai i te 0.5 MPa ki te 14 MPa：3Cr (te ihirangi Cr ≈ 3%), 9Cr1Mo (te ihirangi Cr ≈ 9%), 13Cr, S13Cr, 17Cr (kōeke S17400), 22Cr (hei tauira, te maitai kowiri tira takirua S32205), me te maitai 25Cr.
2. Ngā Puna he Nui te Ihirangi H₂S
Hei whakaiti i te waikura o te pakaru o te whanariki whanariki (SSC), me whakanui ake te nui o te nikara (Ni) i roto i ngā rauemi. Ina teitei ake te pēhanga ā-wāhanga H₂S i te 1 MPa, ā, he teitei hoki te pēhanga ā-wāhanga CO₂, me whakamahi ngā koranu pāmahana-teitei pēnei i ēnei e whai ake nei:
Kōwhiringa Rauemi mō ngā Wāhanga Motuhake
Ngā rauemi matua o ngā taputapu keri poka (e pā ana ki te wai o te puna me ngā kawenga amo): I tīpakohia kia rite ki ngā paerewa o runga ake nei.
Ngā wāhanga kutikuti: He mea hanga te nuinga ki te parahi H62, ki ngā pae maitai kore waikura S36600 rānei.
Ngā wāhanga punga: I tīpakohia mai i te 20CrMoTi, 20CrMnTi rānei. Hei whakapai ake i te pakeke o te mata, me whakamahi te maimoatanga whakapūkara mata (me te matotoru o te paparanga whakapūkara o te 0.8-1.2 mm), ka whakanui ake i te pakeke o te mata ki te HRC 58-62.
Ngā Take Kē Atu e Pā Ana ki te Kōwhiringa Rauemi me ngā Paerewa Tohutoro
Haunga ngā hau waikawa, ko te kōwhiringa rauemi mō ngā anga hinu o raro i te poka me ngā taputapu o raro i te poka e pā ana ki te pāmahana o raro i te poka, te tapahi wai, te tohu whakapūtanga, me te uara pH. Mō ngā paearu kōwhiringa motuhake, tirohia te paerewa ahumahi Q/HS 14015 Design Guidelines for Corrosion Prevention of Tubing and Casing in Offshore Oil and Gas Wells.
Ka whakarato anō hoki a Landrill i te pae maitai 41430,4140,4145.
Kaua e mangere ki te pātai mai.https://www.landrilloiltools.com/
Wā tuku: Hepetema-03-2025
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